Affliction: Staring down a dark tunnel in search of light
Welcome students, faculty, road scholars, scholars from the school of hard knocks, staff, truckers, cowboys, housewives, executives, and all other visitors to this blog. Welcome to Psychology Comes Alive, where we build bridges from the theories and principles of psychology and popular culture. Today you'll be afforded another opportunity to engage in a process I call "blog n roll." In the game of blog n roll, I provide the topic and the tunes, and you, the blog visitor/participant, provide the talk (in the comments section.)
First of all, for all Brandman University students who were left feeling ineffably depressed following the viewing of the movie, Affliction, I apologize, and I will offer what I am hoping to be a little light at the end of that dark tunnel here today. Let's focus on Wade Whitehouse, the New Hamphire police officer in the movie, played by Nick Nolte, and his mental state. If the story took place during the precivilized period of world history, characterized by an approach to understand and treat abnormal behavior according to demomology, gods and magic, how would Wade's behavior be explained and "treated?" (For Brandman University Abnormal Psych students, you'll gain an understanding of precivilation in chapter 2 of your text.)
How would the approach to Wade be different after the introduction of Hippocrates' early medical concepts? How would early philosophical conceptions of consciousness and later Greek and Roman thought alter the way Wade would be approached, understood and treated? How would Wade be treated if the story took place in China while the Chineese were establishing their early views on mental illness? How would treatment provided explain Wade's self-destructive spiral during the the Middle Ages?
In the song, When I Heard You Sing (penned by yours truly and performed by Alyssa Kaess), the person whose story is told in the song has pretty much capitulated to a sense of hopelessness. What do the songs of the Beatles do to elevate her mood?
When I Heard U Sing
Alyssa Kaess: words and music by Dr BLT copyright 2009
If you were a therapist and Wade had come in to see you in the early stages of his mental health downward spiral, what would some of your treatment goals be? Which Beatles songs might you use to inculcate hope within Wade and to offer light at the end of his dark tunnel?
Ready? Set? BLOG N ROLL!
Categories: movie psychoanalysis,movie analysis,song analysis
Tags: affliction the movie affliction psychological analysis of Affliction psychology of movies psychology and movies
Cathy Lazarus
11/23/09-Affliction Response
(1) Wade’s behavior would be explained as being possessed by an evil spirit. The primary type of treatment was exorcism.
(2) Hippocrates realized the importance of environment and its effect on a person’s health and well-being. He may have removed Wade from his home environment as a treatment measure to protect his physical and psychological health from this hostile environment.
(3) Plato did not believe mentally disturbed individuals were responsible for their acts and should not be punished the same as normal persons. Rather, the mentally ill should be hospitalized and given the psychotherapy of the time. Plato believed mental disorders were divinely caused. The Greeks treated mental patients by making them comfortable with physical therapies in the pleasant surroundings of sanitariums
(4) The Chinese tried to balance the positive and negative forces of both physical and mental health. If out of balance, illness resulted, so treatment focused on restoring balance. Early Chinese medicine was based on belief in natural rather than supernatural causes for illness.
(5) Wade’s self-destructive spiral would have been described in the Middle Ages as his being possessed by demons. Clergy would have attempted treatment by an exorcism to rid Wade of the evil that possessed him.
(6) In an early asylum, Wade would have been locked away in a filthy environment and subjected to extreme cruelty. The mentally ill were sometimes exhibited to the public as entertainment, humiliated, and forced to beg on the streets.
(7) Due to The Humanitarian Reform Movement, chains were removed from patients, sunny rooms were provided, patients were treated with kindness, they could exercise on the hospital grounds, and staff were no longer permitted to beat patients.
(8) In the later part of the 19th century, a psychiatrist with traditional moral management therapy would have treated Wade. Lifestyles and excesses in living were believed to be the cause of emotional problems.
(9) In the 20th Century, Wade would have been put in a straitjacket to protect society from his explosive outburst.
(10) The song, When I Heard You Sing, gave her hope that anything is possible if you
believe in love; hope that she is both capable of loving, being loved in return, and
most importantly of loving herself.
(11) Self-help recovery through connection with others who understand and want to
help would be a possible treatment goal. Adult children of alcoholics is a good
first step to acquiring the coping techniques to aid recovery. In addition, once
Wade admits he needs help, he would need to seek out a professional to help him
Deal with the psychological problems caused by his environmental exposure to a
dysfunctional family.
(12) Let It Be is apropos for this scenario. You can’t change the past, but you can
move on with your life and make good choices that effe
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According to the approach of the Hippocrates the psychological dysfunction of Wade was a consequence of an abnormal function of his brain.
The Greek physician Hippocrates, who is considered to be the father of Western medicine, played a major role in the biological tradition. Hippocrates and his associates wrote the Hippocratic Corpus between 450 and 350 BC, in which they suggested that abnormal behaviors could be treated like any other disease. Hippocrates viewed the brain as the seat of consciousness, emotion, intelligence, and wisdom and believed that disorders involving these functions would logically be located in the brain.[3] http://www.answers.com/topic/abnormal-psychology
Chinese, Egyptians, and Hebrews, on the other hand, believed that these evil demons were punishments from God, and advocated exorcism. If Wade was living in China he will have to be exorcise since his tragic life was the product of punishment from God.
By the 1800’s the awful conditions of the asylums starting to improve. If Wade were place in the early asylum he would not have the right treatment for his mental condition. He would be push into a deeply depression.
The rise of the psychoanalysis in the twentieth century helped to validate the diagnostic of the mental symptom. Wade needs to be psychological evaluated in order to find the right treatment.
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First 3000 characters:
Do to Wade’s erratic and violent disposition, I believe he would have been viewed, as someone possessed by evil spirits. The type of treatment for demonic possession would have been exorcism, and would consisted of: magic, prayer, incantation, noise making, and the use of horrible-tasting concoctions made from sheep’s dung and wine.
Hippocrates took on a clinical approach to mental illness, which emphasized natural causes for diseases, based on observation, and on brain pathology as the root of mental disorders. This was quite revolutionary when compared to his early predecessors, who attributed mental illness to demonic possession. Wades treatment (under Hippocrates) would have been more clinical in approach. Hippocrates believed environment played a role in a patients treatment and well-being, thus Wade would have been removed from the dreary town he lived in, and he would have been separated from volatile friends and family members, and he would have been instructed to stop drinking and improve his diet (No sneaking in McDonald's hamburgers).
The Early philosophical conceptions, (headed by Plato) believed that socio-cultural aspects played a role in ones mental make-up; and viewed psychological phenomena as responses of the whole organism, reflecting its internal state. Plato believed the mentally ill should be granted leniency, upon committing criminal acts, for they are not the same as “normal people”. Wade, under the care of Plato (or like philosophers of the time) would have hospitalized and treated with conversation, or what may be considered psychotherapy.
The Greek and Roman thought continued the work of Hippocrates and obtained an even higher level of medical practice. The Greek and Romans also introduced first-rate sanatoriums to house mental patients. The sanatorium was considered to be of great therapeutic value for the patient. Wade’s treatment most likely would have included a visit to the local sanatorium. Here, Wade would have been introduced to a esthetically nice environment, in which, he would partake in activities such as: dances, walks, parties, concerts; and he would have undergone a diet regimen and an array of therapeutic massages. The Greek and Romans understood the value of making the patient comfortable in order to optimize treatment.
The Chinese believed that if a person were un-balanced (like Wade), the result would be health problems such as mental illness. Wade was unbalanced spiritually, physically and emotionally. Wade showed signs of excitability, paranoia and he was unable to control his temper. It was clear Wade was not living a healthy life style. The Chinese would have treated Wade by limiting his food intake, because the Chinese believed food was a positive force, and withholding food would decrease such a force and bring balance. Later in the second century, the Chinese adapted more Hippocrates style of treatment and this too would have been implemented.
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According to people living during the pre-civilized period, Wade Whitehouse would definitely be viewed as being possessed by evil spirits. In Abnormal Psychology, authors Butcher, Mineka, and Hooley (2010) explain that, “The primary type of treatment for demonic possession was exorcism, which included various techniques for casting an evil spirit out of an afflicted person. These techniques varied but typically included magic, prayer, incantation, noise-making, and the use of horrible-tasting concoctions made from sheep’s dung and wine” (p.30).
Out of Hippocrates’ three categories of mental disorders: mania, melancholia, and phrenitis (brain fever), Wade would most likely be diagnosed with mania. In addition, Hippocrates introduced the concept of four essential bodily fluids—blood (sanguis), phlegm, bile (choler), and black bile (melancholer)—that would disrupt a person’s health and behavior if they were not in the right balance. In opposition to demonology, gods, and magic, Butcher et al. (2010) states that, “Hippocrates’ emphasis on the natural causes of diseases, on clinical observation, and on brain pathology as the root of mental disorders was truly revolutionary” (p. 31).
Early philosophical conceptions of consciousness and later Greek and Roman thought would allow for Wade’s treatment to follow a more medical approach. Butcher et al. (2010) elaborates on how, “Physicians of this time also used a wide range of therapeutic measures including dieting, massage, hydrotherapy, gymnastics, and education, as well as some less desirable practices such as bleeding, purging, and medical restraints” (p.33).
If the story took place in China while the Chinese were establishing their early views on mental illness, Wade’s behavior would be seen as caused by an imbalance of positive and negative forces inside his body. Additionally, Wade would most likely be treated with natural remedies, such as herbal medicine and encouraged to perform appropriate activities.
Butcher et al. (2010) explains that, “During the Middle Ages in Europe, scientific inquiry into abnormal behavior was limited, and the treatment of psychologically disturbed individuals was characterized more often by ritual or superstition than by attempts to understand an individual’s condition” (p. 34).
If Wade were to be placed in an early asylum, he would probably be chained to the walls of a small, crowded cell filled with other mental “patients” and be permitted little room for movement. Moreover, Wade would be given very sparse, inadequate food, little warmth, and little human contact. Indeed, “These early asylums were primarily modifications of penal institutions, and the inmates were treated more like beasts than like human beings” (Butcher et al., 2010 p. 37).
With the efforts of reformists like Philippe Pinel and Dorothea Dix, conditions improved drastically with the humanitarian reform movement in numerous areas, including food, hygiene, housing, and kinder treatment. cont'd
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CONTINUED FROM PREVIOUS BLOG ENTRY
Wade would have been released from his chains and might have even been rehabilitated back into society.
In the beginning of the 19th century, Wade Whitehouse would still be subjected to the ineffective treatment of drugging, bleeding, and purging. However, later in the 19th century, psychiatrists, known back then as “alienists,” began to believe that mental disorders, such as depression, were a result of personal problems brought on by one’s demanding environment, and were treated by medical doctors.
According to Butcher et al. (2010), “For the first half of the twentieth century, hospital care was accompanied by little in the way of effective treatment, and the care was often harsh, punitive, and inhumane” (p.42). Wade would have spent a good amount of time in a straitjacket, which was heavily utilized in mental institutions. It was not until 1946 that the National Institutes of Mental Health was organized, which provided research and training to those in the mental health care industry.
In the song, When I Heard U Sing, it seems as though the songs of the Beatles allows her to enter another dimension of life where only music exists. Clearly, these songs free her spirit and make her believe that “anything is possible when you believe in love.” I thoroughly enjoyed the song and thought it was beautifully written and sung.
Since I have no real experience dealing directly with mental health patients, I am not quite sure which approach would be best to take with Wade. However, I know that I would definitely tell him to stop seeing his father because of the destructive emotional and physical toll that it takes on Wade. Furthermore, I would practice anger management exercises with Wade as part of his treatment. If Wade became too delusional, I might have to refer him to a psychiatrist to prescribe him appropriate medicine as well.
One Beatles song I would most definitely suggest to Wade is “Let it Be”. The lyrics are simple yet powerful. My favorite lyric in the song is “And when the broken hearted people living in the world agree,/there will be an answer, let it be.”
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If the story took place during the precivilized period of world history, it would probably be assumed that Wade was possessed by demons, or abandoned by God to the “forces of evil.” He would have been treated with exorcism. After Hippocrates, he would probably have been found to have brain pathology due to heredity or injury (like when his father hit him over the head.) Hippocrates may also have considered “the doctrine of the four humors” to explain his temperament. Treatment would have likely been a healthy diet, tranquility, exercise, and perhaps “bleeding.” Early philosophical conceptions of consciousness would indicate a problem with “the whole organism, reflecting its internal state and natural appetites (Butcher, Mineka, & Hooley, 2010, p. 32). Treatment would likely include hospitalization and the equivalent of today’s psychotherapy. According to Greek and Roman thought, disorders could be caused by “injuries to the head, excessive use of alcohol, shock, fear, adolescence, menstrual changes, economic reversals, and disappointment in love” (Butcher, Mineka, & Hooley, 2010, p. 33). Treatment would include pleasant activities and distractions, massage, warm baths, and possibly restraints and bleeding. Early Chinese views would explain Wade’s affliction as an imbalance of Yin and Yang in the body, which was often treated by fasting. During the Middle Ages, possession again became a prime explanation for madness, treated with exorcism. Early asylums were known for awful conditions and horrible treatment. If Wade was put in an asylum during this time, he probably would have been chained and put on display for money, like an animal in a zoo. After the humanitarian reform movement attributed to Philippe Pinel, Wade’s experience in an asylum would have been much better. He would have been shown kindness, sunlight, and exercise. Early 19th Century approaches regressed again somewhat in the treatment of the afflicted, and included drugging and bleeding, and later on, electric shock therapy. In the early 20th Century, the causes for mental illness were still largely unknown, and asylums increased in number. If Wade was committed to one of these asylums, his stay could have been indefinite, with little treatment and cruel care. I’m not sure what to do with Wade, but I would begin by trying to treat his alcoholism, and possibly putting him on some antipsychotic drugs in addition to psychotherapy.
When I Heard You Sing- The songs of the Beatles elevate the singer’s mood by giving her hope and encouraging her not to give up on her dreams.
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Second Part:
Wades treatment during the humanitarian reform movement would have taken a turn for the better. Wade would have experienced cleaner living facilities, more freedom, and he would have been treated much more compassionately. He would get to see the sunlight after being shackled in the dungeon for 30 plus years. After being treated with dignity and respect, Wades condition probably would have improved, or he would have been in state that would allow for treatment.
In the early part of the 19th century treatment consisted of drugging, bleeding, and purging. Theses types of treatments returned little results. Wade would not have received the proper treatment he needed. However, as the century progressed moral management was incorporated into the treatment plan.
Even thought moral management was implemented in the early 20th century, conditions were still harsh. Wade would now trade his shackles for a straightjacket. His treatment was still extremely limited. During this time period, the public’s attitudes and perceptions towards the mentally ill were starting to change. We can attribute the perception change by the great strides made by Dorothea Dix and Clifford Beers.
Songs of the Beetles:
The Beetles music is especially cheerful and uplifting.
Beetles songs to include in Wades therapy: Helter Skelter JK! All Things Must Pass, We Can Work It Out, A Little Help From My Friends and last but not least Let It Be!
If Wade were in my care:
I think Wade actions were indicative of someone who was progressing towards and altered state of reality; so I would first want to start him on a regimen of antipsychotic medications (neuroleptics), then immediately start an intensive therapy program with him. My treatment goals would consist of the following: Ending Wade’s state of delusional paranoia, help Wade establish a healthy relationship with his family and friends, address his current and past relationship with his father in order to understand how its affecting his current state. Wade had a troubled past, and his thoughts were always reflecting back to his tumultuous relationship with his father. I believe in order to understand Wades current state, I would need to know more about Wade thoughts and perceptions of his father and of his childhood. Perhaps Freudian Psychoanalysis with cognitive therapy would be an appropriate course to take.
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Wades behavior would be attributed to demon possession, involving good or evil spirits. In Wade's case that would for sure be EVIL, DEMONIC, SATANIC Spirits. Thought to ve considered punishment from God with the removal of his protection there by allowing the forces of evil to invade his body and literally take over his mind. Treatment for Wade's demonic spirits would be "exorcism". Which would also include casting out evil spirits, magic, prayer, incantation,noise making, horrible tasting concoctions made from sheep's dung and wine.
Hippocrates denied that demons were responsible and insisted that mental disorders/diseases were a result of natural causes and brain pathology and there were appropriate treatments. He was an advocate of modern Psycho dynamic Psychotherapy. Far more advanced than exorcistic practices. Treatment's varied from changing a person's diet, environmental changes often removing them from their families.
The early philosophical conceptions of consciousness of Greek philosopher Plato, that people like Wade who had committed criminal acts, should not be held responsible for their acts and should not recieve punishment in the same way as normal people. Treatment included a provision for "hospital" care.
Later Greek & Roman thought more on the lines of Hippocrates and continued practing therapeutic measures for patients, dieting, massage, hydrotherapy and education as well as some less desirable practices such as bleeding, purging and mechanical restraints.
Greek physician Galen believed that Wade would ave either had a physical injury to the head or that maybe, because he suffered disappointment (breakup) in his love relationship this caused his behavior. He also would have cited Wade's excessive use of alcohol the shock of his mother's death and trouble in his adolescence years as causes in his behavior.
If this would have taken place in China, Wade's condition would have been thought as as a natural rather tan supernatural in terms of causes of his illness. They believe that the human body is divided into positive and negative forces, when they are in balance the result is physical and mental health. If they are out of balance the result are illness. The treatment would be to restore balance with the use of drugs and appropriate activities.
During the middle ages Wade's behavior would have been considered a mental disorder due to "sin" a causal factor of mental illness. Ranging from madness and possession to alcohol abuse and epilepsy.
If Wade was placed in and asylum often referred to as "madhouses" they were not pleasant places for the insane. They lived in deplorable conditions. Wade would have been treated more like an animal than a human being.
After the "humanitarian reform" Philippe Pinel of france was placed in charge of the removing of chains off the inmates. He is greatly responsible for devising humanitarian methods of trating mental disorders.
During the nineteenth Century views of the causes and tre
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treatment of mental disorders people like Wade were called "lunatics". Wade would have indured procedures like drugging, bleeding, purging which produced few results.
The twentieth century mental hospitals grew substantially in number. Causing change to take place improving the conditions and how Wade would be treated. He would be given human care in a hospital environment.
If I were Wade's therapist:
I would focus on his childhood, interactions with his father. The relationship of his parents and disfunctional family. The continues alcohol abuse and the on going domestic violence in his home growing up.
The song: When I Heard You Sing-This is clearly a song of hope.
Not really a follower of the Beetles. What comes to mind is all you need is love. Unfortunately Wade needs a whole lot more than just love. Love would help along with strong meds.
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If Wade’s story took place during the precivilized period of World History, his abnormal behavior would lead people to believe that he was possessed by an evil spirit. Ancient Hebrews believed that these possessions were a representation of the wrath of God and a sign of his abandonment of the inflicted person given to the forces of evil. Treatment included exorcisms, magic, prayer, incantation, noise-making and awful concoctions (e.g. sheep’s dung mixed w/ wine).
Hippocrates rejected the idea that demons and spirits had much to do with altered mental states/declines. Instead, he believed that like other diseases, mental disorders had natural causes and appropriate treatments. He also believed that the brain was the central organ of intellectual activity and mental disorders are due to brain pathology. He also emphasized the importance of heredity and pre-disposition and pointed out that injuries to the head can cause sensory and motor disorders. There was a classification of all mental disorders as well: mania, melancholia and phrenitis (brain fever). He also recognized the importance of the ill’s environment, often taking the patient out of their home and away from their families. Wade would be treated more humanely in this era than during the precivilized period.
With early philosophical conceptions of consciousness and later Greek & Roman thought, Wade’s condition would be looked at in a different way. Aristotle would recommend that Wade to think thoroughly about his situations; considering that Aristotle believed that thinking eliminates pain and helps to attain pleasure in one’s life. He also believed in the Hippocratic theory of disturbances in the bile. Aristotle did not believe however, that mental disorders can be caused by psychological factors such as frustration or conflict, which Wade was dealing with through the duration of the entire movie. Another classification system was born during this period that categorized personalities: sanguine, phlegmatic, choleric and melancholic. Each person had different levels of each, which account for different personalities. Treatment for Wade would include hospital care, conversations (comparable to psychotherapy) to promote health of the soul, dieting, massage, hydrotherapy, education and activities such as parties or scenic walks.
If Wade were to be treated while the Chinese were establishing their early views on mental illness, he would be treated similarly to how early philosophical conceptions of consciousness and later Greek & Roman thought would have rendered treatment. The Chinese believed that mental disorders were natural disorders as opposed to supernatural. The Chinese also believe in Yin & Yang, the positive and negative forces within someone that are both complementary and contradictory towards each other. If both are in balance, then one is both physically and mentally healthy.
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If they are unbalanced, illness would result. Obviously, they would view Wade as unbalanced and treatment goals would be aimed at restoring his balance. Chung Ching contributed a great deal to China’s early mental health development. He was known as the Hippocrates of China and believed that stressful psychological conditions could cause organ pathologies. Treatment in this period would include both drugs and regaining of emotional balance through activities similar to those done during Greek and Roman thought.
Considering that the Middle Ages was devoid of scientific thought and humane treatment, Wade’s abnormal behavior and functionality would be on a decline, especially with supernatural explanations gaining popularity during this age and no real attempts to understand Wade’s condition. Treatment for Wade during the Middle Ages, after him being accused of possessed by and evil spirit and uncured by exorcism, he would thus probably be murdered.
If Wade was placed in an early asylum, he would receive inhumane treatment if any. He would reside in a dark cell wearing iron collars that would prevent him from any comfortable movement. Often times, those placed in the early asylums would be so awkwardly chained they would not even be able to lie down. They were looked at as animals and treated as such. It is not known whether they were adequately fed either. No one visited, except for when the mentally ill were put on display for the public to see for a small fee.
After the Humanitarian Reform Movement; it would be more probable for Wade to be treated humanely. The movement focused on a wide range of treatment methods (at the time it was usually some form of manual labor & spiritual discussions) that focused on the patient’s social, individual and occupational needs, emphasizing the patient’s moral and spiritual development and rehabilitation of their character rather than their physical mental disorders. The Mental Hygiene Movement also went into effect, advocating for humane treatment and focusing on the physical well being of hospitalized mental patients.
If Wade’s story took place during 19th century views, he would be treated by an “alienist”. During the 19th century, psychiatrists were referred to as alienists because they treated alienated, insane individuals. This was a time that mental health disorders were still only vaguely understood. The psychiatrists at the time would believe that Wade’s emotional problems were caused by an overuse of energy or depletion of bodily energies as a result of excesses in living. Wade’s mental decline would be blamed on him due to using too much nerve force. Unfortunately, even after the Humanitarian Reform Movement, conditions in the asylums were still in harsh conditions.
Deinstitutionalization was in effect during the 20th century, as well as more modern day theories being established to better understand and treat mental health conditions such as Wade’s.
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(continued: 3rd entry)
During the 20th century, Wade would not be placed in an asylum, but rather, released back into his own natural environment and would need to be seen in an outpatient setting. This includes psychoanalysis, behavioral therapy and advanced medications. The DSM classification manual was also born, which can be referred to by mental health professionals to aid them in diagnosing an individual with a particular disorder such as Wade’s. There were also biological discoveries, linking the brain to mental health disorders. Mental health conditions were also viewed with the possibility that environmental factors can play a large part in disorders such as Wade’s (childhood, alcoholism, family abuse, etc.).
If I was a mental health clinician and Wade was a client of mine, some of his treatment goals would be to reduce aggression, improve communication skills, learn positive coping skills and to recognize and alleviate triggers to substance use. As far as a Beatle’s song I would recommend, I’d probably recommend all of them considering that everyone reacts to music in different ways. Lyrics and the melody of one song can obviously have a different effect on someone than another song can.
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Demonology gods and magic
I believe the police officer played by Nolte with be evaluated by a being possessed by some demon that caused him to kill then burn his father. They would have to exorcise him to cast out the evil demons. This would occur by magic, prayer, incantations, noisemaking and the use of horrible concoctions made from sheep’s dung and wine.
Hippocrates would have prescribed Wade with a regular, and tranquil life, sobriety, and abstinence from all excesses, a vegetable diet celibacy, exercise short of fatigue, and bleeding if necessary. He would also have been removed from his family.
Later the Greeks would continue this type of treatment by getting him in a nice environment and activities, like walks in the park, rowing on the Nile and parties.
In ancient China they would withhold him from food, as food is a positive force thus allowing the negative force to equal therefore cause mental and physical health.
In the middle ages, Wade would have been handed over to the clergy that would have given him a nice treatment of holy water, good food, and environment. They would also try some mild form of exorcism and allow him to visit religious places to calm the spirits.
After the humanitarian reform the French and the English adopted a more kind view on the mentally ill. In America the views were also changing to the more popular European views of the moral management. Wade would have been offered a nice room and good attention by a well-trained staff. Towards the 50’s Wade would have been lost to the system. They went into the biomedical science so they no longer treated the patients nice, they would look for a medical alternative that was very seldom found.
On the song:
It seems that the songs she hears give her hope for her broken heart.
If I were to get Wade in the earlier stages of his mental health, I would first have him pulled away from the town that seemed so helpless. I would have him talk regularly with a psychiatrist to break down his life and make him realize that he was not at fault. May be have him understand and he needs to take care of his brother and his daughter so the same would not happen to them. It seems that at any stage in the movie, Wade was still salvageable.
Now about the Beatles well i dont know much about them but the John Lennon Song Imagine still gives me goose bumps so it has stood the test of time. It is a great song of hope.
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